Chandrayan 3 India's Dream Mission
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|Experts| |India| |ExpertsTalks|
The Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro) will target the launch of its third lunar mission, Chandrayaan-3, for August this year, according to a reply given by the Union Minister of State for the Department of Space Dr Jitendra Singh. “Based on the learnings from Chandrayaan-2 and suggestions made by the national level experts, the realisation of Chandrayaan-3 is in progress.
About Chandrayaan Mission
• The Chandrayaan-3 mission will be India's second attempt at executing a soft landing on the surface of the Moon. It is a follow-up mission to Chandrayaan-2 and is meant to demonstrate Lunar landing and roving capability. The Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft will consist of a lander and rover along with a propulsion module that will carry the fuel for various manoeuvres needed to navigate the landing module after its launch. The mission will help the scientists to understand the thermal exchange and physical properties of the uppermost Lunar soil.
Unlike its predecessor, Chandrayaan-3 will not have an orbiter but will use the same configuration. It will use the existing l Chandrayaan-2 orbiter, thereby reducing the overall mission cost. The orbiter weighs 2,379 kg, carries five instruments and has a mission life of seven years. It is mounted with solar panels that can generate 1kW of electrical power.
Chandrayaan-3 is an important mission for the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) as it will demonstrate our nation's abilities to make landings for further interplanetary missions.
Initially, the Chandrayaan-3 was supposed to be launched in 2021. But the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resultant lockdown affected several projects of ISRO including this one. As a result, its launch date was postponed.
India's first mission to Moon was Chandrayaan-1 which was launched on October 22, 2008, from SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota. The spacecraft was orbiting around the Moon at a height of 100 km from.
Why are we interested in studying the moon?
- The Moon is the closest cosmic body at which space discovery can be attempted and documented.
- It is also a promising test bed to demonstrate technologies required for deep-space missions.
- The Moon provides the best linkage to Earth’s early history.
- It offers an undisturbed historical record of the inner Solar system environment.
What happened to Chandrayaan-2?
- The Chandrayaan-2 mission, which was lost after it hard- landed on the dark side of the Moon in 2019, remains active in the form of its orbiter hovering over the Moon.
- The lander and rover malfunctioned in the final moments and crash-landed, getting destroyed in the process.
- The primary objective of Chandrayaan 2 was to demonstrate the ability to soft-land on the lunar surface and operate a robotic rover on the surface
.
However, the Orbiter and other instruments of Chandrayaan-2 mission have, in two years, gathered a wealth of new information that has added to our knowledge about the Moon and its environment.
What is the information gathered?T
he mission has given the most precise information about the presence of H2O molecules on the Moon till date.
Presence of Minor elements: Chromium, manganese and Sodium have been detected for the first time through remote sensing. The finding can lay the path for understanding magmatic evolution on the Moon and deeper insights into the nebular conditions as well as planetary differentiation.
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