Poverty in China
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|Experts| |India| |ExpertsTalks|
Compared to other developing countries, China has made great srides in the United Nations Human Development Index. However, China is still beset with problems such as absolute poverty and growing income disparities.
Social development is plagued by problems of inadequate social spending, inflation, and urban bias. The vulnerability of groups like women and rural migrants is also worring. It is argued here that such problems could be dealt with by the central government since it has deep financial reserves and political power.
It remains to be seen if the government will do so, since the political will to redress these problems is obviously undermined by an increased acceptance of a neo-liberal approach to social policy which gives primacy to market and family support over state interventions.
China's population growth has hit a six - decade low, researchers say. The study also observes that this will create a major crisis for China. In 2021, a total of 1.06 crore babies will be born in China at a rate of 7.25 per 1,000 live births. The death rate for the same period was 7.18 per thousand. According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the population growth is only 0.34 per thousand people.
With this, China's population growth rate reached its lowest level since 1960. Birth rates in China fell for the fifth year in a row. The global population reproduction rate is 2.1 while in China it is only 1.15. The rate of people over the age of 60 has increased from 18.7 in 2020 to 18.9 in 2021.
China was a country with very strong and strict population controls. China has even recently eased tensions over the sharp fall in birth rates. In 2016, China changed its one-child policy to allow two children. Last year it was said that it could be up to three children. Many local governments in China have even promoted the birth of babies by announcing special benefits for their second and third children.
Wei Guo, a demographer at Nanjing University, explains the social situation in China to Science.org. Large sections of China's young population have low incomes. A large number of young people are migrating to cities dreaming of a better life and finding it difficult to find enough income even for the expenses of city life. Meanwhile, many couples do not even think about having a second child.
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